When talking about the British painters' contribution to the world of cultural heritage, we usually recall
such artists as Hogarth, Gainsborough, Reynolds, Constable, Turner. These are the painters of truly international standing.
John Constable and William Turner were the greatest representatives of the Golden age of English landscape.
Joseph Mallord William Turner was born on 23 April 1775 in London. His father was the owner of a small barber's shop, mother died insane. JMW Turner was an essentric man with a withdrawn and intractable temperament. He was a man with paradoxical conduct, preferring solitude, at the end of his life a person evading all the social relationships that his great success could have brought him and hiding himself in Chelsea.
William went to school at Brentford, and then he was apprenticed by his father to Thomas Malton, a watercolourist. At the age of 14 William entered the Royal Academy. Among Turner's occupations were: copyist, painter of the countryside houses and castles, marine landscape painter.
Seascapes (the struggle of man and Nature), epic painting, historical painting were Turner's main painting genres. William's journeys to Wales and to the Island of Wight aroused historical and mythological subjects. The other subjects were, as follows: sea and its moods and the mountain storms (the Alpine landscapes). His clients were owners of country houses and castles (to make precise and accurate drawings of their possessions), some representatives of nobility, even George IV.
At the beginning of his professional career Thomas Girtin influenced him in painting watercolours. Poussin and Claude Lorrain influenced Turner in mythological and historical paintings.
When he was 27 years old, in 1802, Turner made a Royal Academician.
JMW Turner died on 19 December 1851 and was burried in St. Paul's Cathedral.
"The Shipwreck" is a very famous Turner's painting; though Turner painted it when he was quite young it shows extraordinary mastery of expression and perfect command of technique. Turner's painting is tremendously influenced by the fury of the high seas. The realism of this storm-tossed sea and shipwrecked sailors desperately trying to survive make this one of the masterpieces of Turner's youth.
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